Artist's Note
Systematized Space and Accumulated Time Have Spoken.
While working on “Languages of Control, Gwangju Prison”
“Among the various attributes of ruling power, prison is the most essential institution that intensively combines the coercive and oppressive nature of control.”
“Prison is a microcosm that most completely embodies a totalitarian society.”
“Maximization of control and orderly behavior of inmates – this is the supreme goal of correctional authorities.”
– Jeonggi Choi (2000). Prison: Taming by disciplinary power and the flight of desire. Progressive Criticism.
From April 2021 to September 2022, the old Gwangju Prison at 88-1 Munheung-dong was filmed five times. After relocating to Samgak-dong in October 2015, the old Gwangju Prison site was left unattended. In contrast to the hideously deteriorating buildings devoid of people and equipment, weeds and landscaping trees and shrubbery were growing wild as if they were showing off their vitality. Numerous buildings with complex structures and spaces that seemed to have clear functions were eventually aligned toward a single purpose.
“Correction” or “Reform”
Is it possible to control and pacify the human will with government power? Nevertheless, is isolation from the general public inevitable to safeguard the well-being of the community? Are the methods of isolation adopted by modern society valid and effective?
I walked with a quickened pace, bearing questions that were not easily resolved. Despite the settled dust, curiosity and amazement, and fear and dread struck me often each time I passed by the still-vivid spaces. While overwhelmed by the aura of this real space, I tried to grasp the weight and historical context of the time accumulated there. While deciphering the space intricately woven by light and darkness, I methodically collected images one by one. And of course, the functional yet oppressive spatial structure was impressive. In addition, the languages of control, which is unfamiliar to the general public, formed the woven weft and warp, and strengthened the function of the space.
Words such as “walking unaccompanied forbidden” “do not enter,” “maintain a two-step distance,” “security,” “restricted area,” “bringing in items prohibited,” “authorization required,” “regulations enforced,” “CORRECTION,” “no talking in transit”, “handcuffs required” “silence,” and “classification review” caught my eye. The invisible power of language overpowers real physical power. I couldn't help but think of the countless people who once filled this space. From prison guards and inmates to martial law troops and secretly buried citizens, countless stories of the many people who passed through this space leaked through the rusting iron bars and rectangular walls. It was painful just to imagine the feelings of those who faced the final moments of their lives at the execution site.
What message was this facility trying to deliver after 45 years of operation and 50 years of existence? Certainly, this was not a problem that could be resolved by just pointing the camera at it multiple times. However, the situation has arisen in which we can no longer delay answering the questions raised by this facility that clearly existed. Even before the time of contemplation is completed, high-rise apartment complexes are already being built nearby one after another. There is nothing in the world that precedes the desire for capital.
How to present collected images is always a difficult task. It was clear that no images taken from the prison site could fully describe the space. I set the orientation of presenting some clues through the contrast between the inside and the outside, those who control and those who are controlled, good and evil inherent in each person, desire and reason, reason and anti-reason, as well as the perishing and persisting. In the end, I was left only with a question that I could not find an answer to: What is this place to Gwangju citizens?